Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Plaub Coenzymes: Coenzyme Q10, NMN, PQQ, Thiab NAD +?

PQQ, NMN, coenzyme Q10, thiab NAD + yog txhua yam khoom noj uas tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau hauv xyoo tas los no. Lawv muaj cov teebmeem physiological sib txawv. Cia peb saib ntawm lawv qhov sib txawv thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke.

PQQ sawv cev rau pyrroloquinoline quinone, vitamin zoo li bioactive tshuaj uas yog nrov rau nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev. PQQ yog dav pom nyob rau hauv cov xwm, nrog rau ntau yam tsiaj, nroj tsuag thiab kab mob, xws li fermented soybeans los yog natto, ntsuab peppers, kiwis, parsley, tshuaj yej, papaya, spinach, celery, mis nyuj, thiab lwm yam.

Kev ua haujlwm lom neeg ntawm PQQ feem ntau yog tsom rau ob yam. Ua ntej, nws tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm mitochondria thiab txhawb kev loj hlob sai ntawm tib neeg lub hlwb; thib ob, nws muaj cov khoom zoo antioxidant, uas tuaj yeem pab tshem tawm cov dawb radicals thiab txo cov cell puas. Ob txoj haujlwm no ua rau nws muaj zog hauv lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv, kev noj qab haus huv metabolic, thiab lwm yam. Vim tias tib neeg lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tsim PQQ nws tus kheej, nws tuaj yeem ntxiv los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, uas feem ntau yog cov hmoov nplej thiab npaj los ntawm microbial fermentation.

PQQ tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lub paj hlwb. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub intracellular redox txheej txheem, txhawb zog metabolism thiab txo oxidative kev puas tsuaj rau lub hlwb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov neurons, pab txhim kho kev kawm thiab kev nco muaj peev xwm thiab txhawb kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm neural. Nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab, txo lub sijhawm rov qab los thiab txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm kev loj hlob. Tsis tas li ntawd, PQQ tuaj yeem txhawb nqa angiogenesis, tiv thaiv kev laus thiab lwm yam teebmeem lom. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, PQQ tseem tuaj yeem txhawb kev noj qab haus huv mitochondrial, yog li ncua kev laus.

Txij li thaum nws nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1979, PQQ tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo hauv kev noj haus thiab tshuaj. Txij li xyoo 2012, nws tau ua tiav GRAS ntawv pov thawj los ntawm Health Canada (HC), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Ministry of Health, Labor thiab Welfare ntawm Nyiv (MHLW) thiab European Commission (ESFA).

Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm, PQQ muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj peev xwm siv tau zoo hauv kev ua lag luam. PQQ tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm mitochondria, txhawb kev loj hlob sai ntawm tib neeg lub hlwb, muaj zog antioxidant zog, tuaj yeem pab tshem tawm cov dawb radicals thiab txo cov cell puas. Nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov hlab plawv, lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv, kev noj qab haus huv hauv metabolic, thiab lwm yam, feem ntau pab lub cev rov qab los thiab tiv thaiv kev qaug zog.

NMN yog lub npe tag nrho ntawm nucleotide diphosphate, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm vitamin B3 thiab tuaj yeem hloov mus rau NAD + hauv hlwb. NAD + yog lub zog hauv lub cev uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau yam haujlwm hauv lub cev, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm mitochondrial, kho DNA thiab rov tsim dua tshiab ntawm tes. Raws li peb muaj hnub nyoog, tus nqi ntawm NAD + hauv lub cev maj mam txo qis, uas ua rau txo qis zog metabolism thiab ntau yam physiological yam ntxwv cuam tshuam nrog kev laus.

Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias NMN tuaj yeem thim rov qab qhov xwm txheej no, coj ntau yam txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb NAD + qib hauv lub cev, yog li txhim kho mitochondrial muaj nuj nqi, txhim kho cov metabolism hauv, txhim kho cov ntshav qab zib thiab tswj cov ntshav siab, thiab txo cov kev laus ntawm lub cev, ua rau tib neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog.

Coenzyme Q10 yog cov rog-soluble quinone compound dav hauv lub cev. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj rau kev noj qab haus huv myocardium thiab txhim kho myocardial metabolism. Cov khoom no muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhawb nqa oxidative phosphorylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob. Nws yog siv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob plawv, xws li kab mob myocarditis, mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, kab mob siab, xws li kab mob siab kab mob siab, subacute daim siab necrosis, mob siab mob siab, thiab mob qog noj ntshav, thiab tuaj yeem txo qee qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv xov tooj cua thiab tshuaj kho mob.

Kev tshem tawm ib nrab-lub neej ntawm cov khoom no yog kwv yees li 34 teev, uas yog, lub sijhawm nws siv rau cov tshuaj concentration hauv cov ntshav lossis cov tshuaj hauv lub cev kom txo qis rau ib nrab yog li 34 teev.

Coenzyme Q10 yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj siv tshuaj kho mob hauv cov chaw kho mob plawv thiab ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob uas siv ntau tshaj plaws.

AD yog ib lo lus lom neeg, thiab nws lub npe Suav yog nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, abbreviated li coenzyme I. Nws yog ib hom kev hloov hluav taws xob thiab coenzyme ntawm ntau dehydrogenases hauv lub cev. Nws txuas lub voj voog tricarboxylic acid thiab cov kab mob ua pa. Nws txoj haujlwm yog hloov cov hydrogen tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm metabolism rau flavin protein. NADH lossis ntau qhov tseeb NADH thiab H + yog nws daim ntawv txo.

NAD + yog thawj zaug pom los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem uas hloov tshuaj zog los ntawm cov zaub mov mus rau ATP roj hlwb xav tau. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias NAD + nws tus kheej yog "lub zog txiaj" zoo ib yam li ATP, ib qho nyuaj organic tshuaj uas muab lub zog los tsav ntau cov txheej txheem hauv cov hlwb.

NAD + kuj yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov teeb liab molecule hauv cov txheej txheem ntsig txog kev tsim hluav taws xob, suav nrog PARP-1 thiab sirtuins. Thaum DNA puas tshwm sim, PARP-1 siv ntau NAD+, ua rau txo qis zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qib siab ntawm NAD + tuaj yeem qhib sirtuins, tso cai rau lawv ua cov lus teb metabolic thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab thiab ua rau lub neej ntev.

Tib neeg tuaj yeem nce qib ntawm NAD + hauv lub cev los ntawm kev ntxiv NAD + precursors hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb tam sim no qhia tau tias muaj tsib NAD + precursors, suav nrog NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide), NA (niacin), NAM (nicotinamide), NR (nicotinamide riboside), thiab Trp (tryptophan), uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau NAD +.

Los ntawm kev ntxiv nrog NAD + precursors, biosynthesis ntawm NAD + tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, yog li nce qib ntawm NAD + hauv lub cev. Yog li ntawd, NAD + precursor supplementation kuj sawv cev rau lub peev xwm kho lub tswv yim kom qeeb kev laus thiab txhim kho cov kab mob uas muaj hnub nyoog.

Raws li lub cell tseem ceeb thiab cov tawv nqaij laus dub thev naus laus zis, PQQ tuaj yeem pab cov hlwb tsim cov mitochondria tshiab thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm mitochondrial zog tsim, yog li pab txhim kho daim tawv nqaij zoo thiab ua kom tawv nqaij laus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, PQQ kuj muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant thiab tiv thaiv kab mob, uas tuaj yeem txo cov dawb radical puas thiab ua kom tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv. Coenzyme Q10 yog siv dav hauv kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob plawv thiab cerebrovascular. Coenzyme Q10 tuaj yeem txhawb kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog tsim khoom, yog li txo qis ntau yam teeb meem myocardial thiab tiv thaiv kab mob plawv. Coenzyme Q10 kuj muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant thiab tiv thaiv kab mob, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha endothelial thiab tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha thiab thrombosis.

PQQ disodium ntsev yog ib qho tshuaj tsw qab heteroquinone, txhais tias yog hom B vitamin tshiab tom qab vitamin B12. Nyob ib ncig ntawm 2012, nws tau ua tiav siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus tshiab hauv US FDA, Canadian Ministry of Health, Nyiv, European Union, thiab Tuam Tshoj. Nws muaj antioxidant, tiv thaiv kev laus, thiab tib neeg kev tiv thaiv-txhim kho cov teebmeem, thiab yog cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo. Tam sim no, PQQ cov khoom siv ntxiv rau hauv kev ua lag luam feem ntau yog tsom rau lub hlwb noj qab haus huv, pab pw tsaug zog, kev zoo nkauj ntawm qhov ncauj, thiab lwm yam, thiab feem ntau yog siv los ua ke nrog ntau yam khoom siv raw xws li MNM thiab coenzyme Q10.

Lub peev xwm antioxidant ntawm PQQ yog 7.4 npaug ntawm cov vitamin C. Raws li qhov ua tau zoo tib yam, tus nqi ntawm PQQ disodium ntsev yuav tsum tsuas yog 1/10 txog 1/100 ntawm vitamin C. Qhov no yog vim PQQ muaj zog thermal stability.

Thaum peb cov as-ham no tau siv ua ke, lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke los txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, txhawb kev tsim kho ntawm tes thiab kho, thiab ncua kev laus. Piv txwv li, PQQ thiab NMN tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ib leeg, nce qib ntawm NAD + hauv cov hlwb, yog li txhim kho cov metabolism hauv cell, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kev laus thiab lub siab noj qab haus huv. Coenzyme Q10 thiab PQQ kuj tseem tuaj yeem sib ntxiv ua ke los txhim kho cov hlab plawv, ua kom cov haujlwm ntawm oxidoreductase, tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation, thiab lwm yam.

Nws tsim nyog hais tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm PQQ thiab NMN tsis txwv rau lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias PQQ tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm NMN, ua kom nws yooj yim dua los ntawm cov hlwb thiab txhim kho nws cov bioavailability. Yog li ntawd, ntau tus neeg siv ob yam tshuaj no ua ke kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv zoo tshaj plaws.

Nyob rau hauv luv luv, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm PQQ, NMN thiab coenzyme Q10 tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, pab lub cev tswj lub cev muaj zog, thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv zoo dua.