Lutein belongs rau carotenoids thiab yog ib tug natural pigment dav pom nyob rau hauv zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, paj thiab lwm yam kab mob. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom nyob rau hauv marigolds. Nws yog txiv kab ntxwv-liab lossis txiv kab ntxwv-daj xim, thiab nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog lutein thiab zeaxanthin.
1. Lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg thiab qhov chaw ntawm Lutein
Lutein muaj ib tug molecular mis ntawm C40H56O2 thiab ib tug txheeb ze molecular loj ntawm 568.87. Lutein yog cov kua txiv kab ntxwv-daj, cov kua dej los yog xim daj daj, nrog cov ntxhiab tsw tsw ntxhiab tsw zoo li, insoluble hauv dej, soluble hauv propanol, methanol, isopropanol thiab dichloroethane, thiab muaj cua sov zoo.
Lutein yog dav pom nyob rau hauv cov zaub ntsuab. Ntawm lawv, marigold muaj cov ntsiab lus lutein siab tshaj plaws. Raws li cov kev cai ntawm "GB 26405-2011 National Food Safety Standard Food Additive Lutein", cov zaub mov additive lutein los ntawm marigold.
2. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Lutein
2.1. Xim muaj nuj nqi
Lutein muaj cov xim zoo nkauj. Nws muaj xim daj daj, yog insoluble hauv dej, tab sis soluble hauv roj thiab ethanol. Nws muaj zog xim muaj zog thiab tiv taus lub teeb, kub, acid thiab alkali. Nws tuaj yeem siv dav hauv khoom qab zib, khoom qab zib, dej haus, nplej thiab hmoov nplej. Nws tseem tuaj yeem siv rau xim cov khoom noj qab haus huv thiab cov xim qab zib ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab tshuaj ntsiav.
2.2. Tiv thaiv qhov muag
Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias lutein thiab zeaxanthin tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub teeb puas rau retina ntawm lub qhov muag. Muaj ob lub mechanisms rau qhov no.
(1) Lutein tuaj yeem lim siab-zog pom lub teeb xiav. Cov kev sim tau pom tias txo cov teeb xiav los ntawm 40% tuaj yeem txo cov dawb radicals ntawm retina zoo heev.
(2) Raws li antioxidant, lutein tuaj yeem txo cov nyhuv oxidative ntawm lub teeb ntawm lub qhov muag thiab tswj kev tsim cov pa oxygen thiab dawb radicals.
2.3. Antioxidant muaj nuj nqi
Lutein, raws li ib tug carotenoid, muaj ntau yam unsaturated ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab muaj ib tug muaj zog dawb radical scavenging nyhuv, uas yuav ua si ib tug antioxidant thiab anti-aging luag hauj lwm.
3. Kev thov ntawm Lutein
3.1. Kev siv cov Lutein hauv Kev Siv Khoom Noj Tshiab Tshiab
Lutein yog siv los ua cov xim hauv cov dej haus thiab jelly. Tom qab 6 lub hlis ntawm kev khaws cia, lutein khaws cia siab tshaj 90% thaum cov kua txiv kab ntxwv, cov dej muaj mis nyuj, thiab cov dej haus carbonated ntxiv nrog lutein.
3.2. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm lutein esters ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Muaj pov thawj tias kev raug ultraviolet mus ntev yuav noj ntau cov carotene (xws li lutein) hauv daim tawv nqaij. Cov tawv nqaij raug UVA thiab UVB ua rau cov cell-mediated inflammatory kev tshwm sim vim muaj cov pa oxygen reactive, ua rau erythema thiab o, uas cuam tshuam rau cov tsos. Hauv qhov mob hnyav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Kev sim tau pom tias lutein tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv. Lub ntsiab mechanism yog qhov nqus ntawm lub teeb xiav hauv lub teeb ultraviolet, thiab nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, yog li nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub teeb ultraviolet rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij.
3.3. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lutein esters hauv nqaij qaib colorants
Ntuj lutein esters muaj ntau yam carbon-carbon ob daim ntawv cog lus chromophores, qhia cov xim ci. Lutein esters nrog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv muaj cov xim sib txawv, xws li lub teeb daj mus rau xim liab. Tsis tas li ntawd, piv nrog cov lutein dawb, lutein esters tsis muaj pawg ua haujlwm ntawm ob qho kawg, uas txiav txim siab tias lutein esters tuaj yeem siv los ua cov xim ruaj khov.
4. Kev Ua Lag Luam Zoo
Lutein thiab zeaxanthin tau nquag nquag hauv tsib xyoos dhau los. Muaj ntau ntau pawg ntawm cov khoom siv lutein nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam lutein yog cov neeg siv khoom txhawj xeeb txog cov kab mob muaj hnub nyoog xws li macular degeneration. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab qhia tau hais tias lutein muaj kev siv hauv lwm yam kev noj qab haus huv, xws li kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb, kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kev tswj kev pw tsaug zog. Cov kev tshawb pom tshiab no yuav nyiam cov neeg siv khoom ntau dua los ntawm ntau pawg los saib xyuas cov khoom siv raw no.